הַפְרָשַׁת חַלָּה
Hafrashat Challah · The Mitzvah of Separating Dough
The command comes from Numbers 15: upon entering the Land of Israel, the Jewish people were instructed to set aside the first portion of their dough — a challah — as an offering to the Kohanim. Today, though the Temple no longer stands, we honour that act. When a sufficient quantity of dough is made — over 1.67 kg of flour — we separate a small piece and recite a blessing, dedicating it as we once dedicated it to the priests.
This mitzvah is one of the three traditionally associated with Jewish women, bound to the hearth and the Shabbat table. It transforms the act of baking from something domestic into something holy.
How To Perform It
1. Before braiding your dough, bring all portions together into one mass and recite the blessing below.
2. Pinch off a small piece of dough — the size of an olive is sufficient. Hold it in your hand as you say: "Harei zeh challah" — "This is challah."
3. Wrap the separated piece in foil and burn it, or set it aside so it will not be eaten. (In Israel, some give it to a Kohen; outside Israel it is burned or disposed of respectfully.)
4. Continue to braid and bake your challahs as usual. The mitzvah is complete.
בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה יְיָ אֱלֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הָעוֹלָם, אֲשֶׁר קִדְּשָׁנוּ בְּמִצְוֹתָיו וְצִוָּנוּ לְהַפְרִישׁ חַלָּה
Baruch Atah Adonai, Eloheinu Melech ha-olam, asher kideshanu be-mitzvotav ve-tzivanu le-hafrish challah.
Note: The blessing is recited when using 1.67 kg or more of flour. When using between 1.23 kg and 1.67 kg, separate the dough without a blessing. Below 1.23 kg, no separation is required.